Hijri Calendar
The Hijri Calendar, also known as the Islamic or Lunar Calendar, is used by Muslims worldwide to determine religious observances and important dates. Based on the lunar cycle, it consists of 12 months totalling 354 or 355 days, making it approximately 11 days shorter than the Gregorian solar calendar each year. The calendar marks its starting point from the Hijra — the migration of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE.
05 Muharram 1448 AH
05 محرم 1448 هـ
Random Quranic Verse(s)
سَيَقُولُ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَا وَلَّاهُمْ عَنْ قِبْلَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهَا ۚ قُلْ لِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ ۚ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ 142 وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا ۗ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الْقِبْلَةَ الَّتِي كُنْتَ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا لِنَعْلَمَ مَنْ يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسُولَ مِمَّنْ يَنْقَلِبُ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ ۚ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَبِيرَةً إِلَّا عَلَى الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ ۗ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِالنَّاسِ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ 143 قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا ۚ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ ۗ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ 144 وَلَئِنْ أَتَيْتَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ بِكُلِّ آيَةٍ مَا تَبِعُوا قِبْلَتَكَ ۚ وَمَا أَنْتَ بِتَابِعٍ قِبْلَتَهُمْ ۚ وَمَا بَعْضُهُمْ بِتَابِعٍ قِبْلَةَ بَعْضٍ ۚ وَلَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ ۙ إِنَّكَ إِذًا لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ 145 الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنْهُمْ لَيَكْتُمُونَ الْحَقَّ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ 146
Fools will soon say, "What has made them (Muslims) change the direction to which they had been facing during their prayers (the qibla) ?" (Muhammad), tell them, "Both the East and West belong to God and He guides (whomever He wants), to the right direction." 142 We have made you (true Muslims) a moderate nation so that you could be an example for all people and the Prophet an example for you. The direction which you had been facing during your prayers (the qibla) was only made in order that We would know who would follow the Messenger and who would turn away. It was a hard test but not for those to whom God has given guidance. God did not want to make your previous prayers worthless; God is Compassionate and All-merciful. 143 We certainly saw you (Muhammad) often turn your face to the sky, so We shall instruct you to face a qibla that you will like. (Muhammad) during prayer, turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque (in Makkah). Muslims, also, wherever you are, during your prayers, turn your faces towards the Sacred Mosque. The People of the Book certainly know that this command (to change the qibla) is truly from their Lord. God is not unaware of what they do. 144 Even if you were to bring all kinds of authoritative proof to the People of the Book, they still would not accept your qibla, nor would you accept theirs, nor would they accept each others. Were you to follow their desires after all the knowledge that has come to you, you would certainly have been one of the unjust. 145 Those to whom We have given the Book (Bible), know you (Muhammad) just as a well as they know their sons. It is certain that some of them deliberately hide the truth. 146
احمق لوگ کہیں گے کہ مسلمان جس قبلے پر (پہلے سے چلے آتے) تھے (اب) اس سے کیوں منہ پھیر بیٹھے۔ تم کہہ دو کہ مشرق اور مغرب سب خدا ہی کا ہے۔ وہ جس کو چاہتا ہے، سیدھے رستے پر چلاتا ہے 142 اور اسی طرح ہم نے تم کو امتِ معتدل بنایا ہے، تاکہ تم لوگوں پر گواہ بنو اور پیغمبر (آخرالزماں) تم پر گواہ بنیں۔ اور جس قبلے پر تم (پہلے) تھے، اس کو ہم نے اس لیے مقرر کیا تھا کہ معلوم کریں، کون (ہمارے) پیغمبر کا تابع رہتا ہے، اور کون الٹے پاؤں پھر جاتا ہے۔ اور یہ بات (یعنی تحویل قبلہ لوگوں کو) گراں معلوم ہوئی، مگر جن کو خدا نے ہدایت بخشی (وہ اسے گراں نہیں سمجھتے) اور خدا ایسا نہیں کہ تمہارے ایمان کو یونہی کھو دے۔ خدا تو لوگوں پر بڑا مہربان (اور) صاحبِ رحمت ہے 143 (اے محمدﷺ) ہم تمہارا آسمان کی طرف منہ پھیر پھیر کر دیکھنا دیکھ رہے ہیں۔ سو ہم تم کو اسی قبلے کی طرف جس کو تم پسند کرتے ہو، منہ کرنے کا حکم دیں گے تو اپنا منہ مسجد حرام (یعنی خانہٴ کعبہ) کی طرف پھیر لو۔ اور تم لوگ جہاں ہوا کرو، (نماز پڑھنے کے وقت) اسی مسجد کی طرف منہ کر لیا کرو۔ اور جن لوگوں کو کتاب دی گئی ہے، وہ خوب جانتے ہیں کہ (نیا قبلہ) ان کے پروردگار کی طرف سے حق ہے۔ اور جو کام یہ لوگ کرتے ہیں، خدا ان سے بے خبر نہیں 144 اور اگر تم ان اہلِ کتاب کے پاس تمام نشانیاں بھی لے کر آؤ، تو بھی یہ تمہارے قبلے کی پیروی نہ کریں۔ اور تم بھی ان کے قبلے کی پیروی کرنے والے نہیں ہو۔ اور ان میں سے بھی بعض بعض کے قبلے کے پیرو نہیں۔ اور اگر تم باوجود اس کے کہ تمہارے پاس دانش (یعنی وحئ خدا) آ چکی ہے، ان کی خواہشوں کے پیچھے چلو گے تو ظالموں میں (داخل) ہو جاؤ گے 145 جن لوگوں کو ہم نے کتاب دی ہے، وہ ان (پیغمبر آخرالزماں) کو اس طرح پہچانتے ہیں، جس طرح اپنے بیٹوں کو پہچانا کرتے ہیں، مگر ایک فریق ان میں سے سچی بات کو جان بوجھ کر چھپا رہا ہے 146
Reading the complete Surah is recommended for full context and understanding.
What are Muslim prayers?
Muslim prayers, known as Salah or Salat, are a fundamental part of the Islamic faith. Performed five times daily, they serve as a direct connection between the worshipper and Allah (God). Salah is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is considered both an obligation and a spiritual anchor in a Muslim's daily life.
Why do prayer times change?
Each of the five daily prayers is tied to a specific position of the sun, which is why prayer times shift slightly from day to day and vary by location. All prayers are performed facing the Qibla — the direction of the Holy Kaaba in Mecca, the most sacred site in Islam.
Are prayers obligatory?
Yes. Every sane, adult Muslim is required to perform five obligatory (Fard) prayers each day:
- Fajr The pre-dawn prayer, performed before sunrise.
- Dhuhr The midday prayer, performed after the sun passes its highest point.
- Asr The afternoon prayer, performed in the late afternoon.
- Maghrib The evening prayer, performed just after sunset.
- Isha The night prayer, performed after twilight has disappeared.
What is the difference between Azaan and Iqamah?
The Azaan is the call to prayer that announces the time for a specific prayer and invites Muslims to the mosque. The Iqamah is a shorter call given just before the congregational prayer begins. The timings shown on this page are for Azaan. There is typically a 15–20 minute gap between Azaan and Iqamah, though this can be as short as 5 minutes for Maghrib and up to 25 minutes for Fajr. It is best practice to wrap up your activities and begin preparing for prayer before the Azaan sounds.
What are Rak'ahs in prayer?
A Rak'ah (plural: Rak'at) is a single unit of prayer consisting of a set sequence of standing, bowing, prostrating, and sitting, accompanied by Quranic recitations and supplications. Multiple Rak'ahs make up each prayer.
The number of Fard (obligatory) Rak'ahs in each prayer is: Fajr — 2, Dhuhr — 4, Asr — 4, Maghrib — 3, and Isha — 4. These counts are established by the practice of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Islamic jurisprudence.
How to complete the prayer if I missed Rak'ahs in Jama'at?
For example, if you have missed 3 Rak'ahs of Isha and joined the Imam in the fourth Rak'ah (you must join before or while the Imam is still in Ruku), here is what to do: Form the intention (Niyyah) in your heart, then say Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) to enter the prayer. Stand briefly in Qiyam even if the Imam has already moved on, then follow him. After the Imam gives Salam, stand up without giving Salam yourself. Since you have completed one Rak'ah with the Imam, treat it as your first. Pray your second Rak'ah and sit for Tashahhud. Then stand and pray two more Rak'ahs, and sit for the final Tashahhud and Salam.
Note: This is a simplified guide. Please consult a qualified Islamic scholar for detailed rulings on your specific situation.
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